The taxes are important though. You'll "pay" for that monthly through your escrow account (or you'll save up for it in a HYSA or something, though personally I'd rather have my lender deal with the city and estimating next year's increases).
With taxes included, that $1800 mortgage can easily become $2600-$2800/month --- $33,600/year --- in a high-property tax state (like many of the states that don't have income tax, which are where many of the cheap homes are). For that to be 30% of your _net_ income, you'll need to clear $112k/year _post-tax_, which is $373k/yr HHI pre-tax assuming 35% of those go to federal, state and FICA.
You'll "only" need $112k/yr HHI if, like lenders, you're assuming that this will be 30% of your gross income. However, if we assume net is 65% of gross, then this mortgage is 46% of your net income. I know that a lot of people carry that risk, but that's a little high for my comfort level.
As for:
> Are people just devoting 50%+ of their income to housing? Everyone buying a house with the help of mom and dad? I just really don't get it.
Like almost everyone else that didn't have Mom and Dad angel investors, we got insanely lucky. I had two really good years financially during which time I was able to save enough to hit our 20% down and then some. We were also lucky with our current situation, as our landlord was willing to extend our lease without increasing the rent and the place we were renting was pretty sweet.