I have found multiple definitions in literature of what you describe.

1. Fast thinking vs. slow thinking.

2. Intuitive thinking vs. symbolic thinking.

3. Interpolated thinking (in terms of pattern matching or curve fitting) vs. generalization.

4. Level 1 thinking vs. level 2 thinking. (In terms of OpenAIs definitions of levels of intelligence)

The definitions describe all the same thing.

Currently all of the LLMs are trained to use the "lazy" thinking approach. o1-preview is advertised as being the exception. It is trained or fine tuned with a countless number of reasoning patterns.