first dual core server chips show up generally available in 2001 with IBM POWER4, then HP PA-RISC ones in 2004, and then Opterons which was followed by "emergency" design of essentially two "sockets" on one die of of NetBurst dual core systems.
Ehhhh the MAJC 5200 was generally available in 1999 and I am sure even older designs could be found if we were to dig deep enough. Their market share would also need some digging too.
To quote the announcement: "two VLIW (very long instruction word) microprocessors on a single piece of silicon"
Also, I raised the question at https://retrocomputing.stackexchange.com/q/30743/3722 and one of the answers points out the 1984 Rockwell R65C29 Dual CMOS Microprocessor. It was two standard 6502 on the same die using the same bus to access the same memory... and of course IBM mainframes did it decades before.