Over the years it’s hard to grok just how small ‘traditional’ media has become. Messing up programmatic and letting a ton of scam tech vendors take most of the money out of the system is a large part of that problem.
My experience is that the big vendors are better than scummy programmatic platforms in terms of ‘safety’ but even then not by much.
Even YouTube’s ‘for kids’ product consistently has scandals break out about it which says where the company’s priorities are.