> Our research found that in the absence of differences in motivation, learners with different supports still exhibited different self-regulated learning processes, ultimately leading to differentiated performance.

That's the most convoluted conclusion I've ever seen.

> What is particularly noteworthy is that AI technologies such as ChatGPT may promote learners' dependence on technology and potentially trigger “metacognitive laziness”.

Calculator laziness is long known. It doesn't cause meta- but specific- laziness.