>what advantages do these rules bring to the winner?
An almost absolute incumbency advantage.
>what was the practical advantage of ascii or feet and knots
Familiarity. Americans and Britons speak English, and they wrote the rules in English. Everyone else after the fact needs to read English or GTFO.
Alternatively, think of it like this: Nvidia was the first to commercialize "AI" with CUDA. Now everyone in "AI" must speak CUDA or be irrelevant.
He who wins first writes the rules, runner-ups and below obey the rules.
This is why America and China are fiercely competing to be the first past the post so one of them will write the rules. This is why Japan and Europe insist they will write the rules, nevermind the fact they aren't even in the race (read: they won't write the rules).
okay, i think i get the cuda situation, but that is only for nvidia. amd is out of luck on that too, just like all companies from asia and europe.
on the previous examples i can see language gave native speakers and advantage in becoming familiar with the technology but on ai i'm not seeing an advantage that would give americans an advantage over everyone else, besides controlling access to the tech.
the reason i'm insisting on this is because i feel as if that argument has merit but i have yet to grasp how it applies to these technologies.