A radio on a soldier is already a dangerous communications device - with a radio you can call in artillery strikes, for example.
There's no particular need IMO to secure smartphones on the battlefield in anyway beyond standard counter-measures - i.e. encrypt the storage, use a passcode unlock.
Smartphones store data; radios (depending on the radio) do not. The Russian military likely has tools for bypassing typical security.
The Russian military would beg to differ, see the sibling's comment: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43106162