Humans love feeding animals. Some animals love being fed.
Put them together and you have symbiosis.
Uh, cats are entirely capable of feeding themselves, that's the point. More pertinently, cats feed themselves on things that like to feed themselves on human food.
It’s kind of strange to think that early humans would throw some of their hard-earned food to animals that were lurking around. Did they do it out of kindness or did they perceive that they might be able to tame them and put them to work?