This is an interesting observation:
> With AI, they could visualize the three-dimensional structure of the PHGDH protein. Within that structure, they discovered that the protein has a substructure that is very similar to a known DNA-binding domain in a class of known transcription factors. The similarity is solely in the structure and not in the protein sequence.>
Reminds me of: if you come across a dataset you have no idea of what it is representing, graph it.
Whenever I see the term "AI" or similar, I mentally substitute the phrase "a lot of math, done very quickly", which is more concrete, and typically helps me sort out the stuff that still seems plausible, as in the sentence you quoted.
Pardon my poor bio education but couldn’t this same outcome have been reached if the protein was xray crystallographyed?