I don't think SMS senders can actually tell the difference between Google Voice and other VoIP providers.
Twilio has a lookup API, which returns the subscriber name and carrier.
Here's an example response (subscriber name redacted):
{ "data": { "name": "LASTNAME, FIRSTNAME", "line_provider": "Google/Bandwidth.com (SVR)", "carrier": "Bandwidth.com", "line_type": "landline" } }
Twilio has a lookup API, which returns the subscriber name and carrier.
Here's an example response (subscriber name redacted):