London has changed for the better for sure but black snot on the tube hasn't changed at all. I get it from 20 minutes on any deep line like the Victoria. It's from train brake dust, nothing to do with vehicle emissions.
The Tube has a real ventilation issue - not just the brake dust, but also temps and staleness. Some of those lines, it’s like a 24/7 sauna!
Victoria might be one of the worst for this. You can hear the wheels screaming the abrasion off for long sections of it. It’ll be interesting to see whether the Piccadilly gets better for you when the new trains arrive over the next couple of years.