That's true. I have a bias of having part of my formal education quite focused on geospatial topics. Seeing non-geospatial folks reinventing wheels taught in GIS 101 both makes me smile and grimace thinking that we have have been doing something wrong with basic tools and aspects of the trade not being wider known.

You can look into TopoJSON here: https://github.com/topojson/topojson And a good general introduction to topology in GIS setting is nicely found in QGIS documentation: https://docs.qgis.org/3.40/en/docs/gentle_gis_introduction/t...