You can buy investment properties to convert debt to income and get nice returns. While this is technically a business, there are ways to make it quite passive and thus more like an investment than a business. Margin stock accounts also exist, although I don't know enough to know what situations it makes sense to use them in.
This has the rather tone deaf sound of “if you just had financial security, you wouldn’t need to use loans to survive, then you could use them to invest!”.
Which rather misses the point that many people using these tools don’t have financial security, and don’t have the option to invest like that.
Saying that mortgages can be used to buy investment properties doesn’t change the fact that most people use them to provide basic physical security. I.e. a literal roof over their head, that they can’t be taken away with little notice by their landlord for reasons completely beyond their control.
I’ve you’ve never grown up in an environment where the roof over your head isn’t a certainty, and indeed having a different roof over your head every few years is a certainty. Then it can be rather hard to understand why not everyone considers property just an investment opportunity.
That's not technically a business, it is a business, and it can be a tough time consuming one. I've known more than one person who sold their investment properties because they were tired of being a landlord, which is a job.
Not saying it can't work. It can. But it's a business and a job/sidehustle not magic free money.
Don't ever look into where the money you make with "passive income" comes from, I guess?
Passive income just means other people are working for your income. At some point, someone has to be poor enough to have to do the actual labor. You can abstract this away with as many financial constructs as you want but it boils down to that. If you can "make money" from mere ownership, we can't all own things that make us money because then we wouldn't have to pay anyone and nobody would have to pay us.
There are arguments to be made, especially if you're young and just starting out to take a reasonable amount of margin and kickstart your compounding growth.
Say you just started working, have no use for your money and are willing to bet 20k on index funds vs a 90% market drop, you should be able to take 2k in leverage and set up your position be auto closed.
But of course as you have more money this type of market exposure starts shifting as you have shorter timer horizons to rebuild and are instead going into more of a wealth conservation mode.