Somewhat, yes but it's much less powerful. In the BEAM these are trees of supervisors and monitors/links that choose how to restart and receive the stacktrace/error reason of the failure respectively. This gives a lot of freedom on how to handle the failure. In k8s, it's often just a dumb monitor/controller that knows little about how to remediate the issue on boot. Nevermind the boot time penalty.
https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/1.18.4/Supervisor.html
BEAM apps run great on k8s.