Is it necessary to establish the difference between "firmware" and "software"?
Most of the use-cases you listed are about modifying devices which do not run "software" per se.
Phones, more and more like computers, are becoming general purpose computing devices, which require software to be useful. I think there's a distinction that we need to be aware of.
IMO the distinction between firmware and software is somewhat arbitrary and my answer to your question is “no.”
Something like Tesla’s self driving program really isn’t firmware and fits as an example, especially if it reaches a level where it’s government approved for unattended operation.