I have never played golf but why do you say it does not produce value for the community? Why is it better to have homes at the cost of lost recreational space?
If you wanna have recreational space build a public park open and accessible to everyone for free.
Because Golf is a very restrictive sport. It costs a lot of money to become a member, the equipment is expensive and it requires very specific dress code that's also expensive. Gold is a high society sport for a reason.
One of the golf clubs near me has a joining fee of $50k and annual membership fees of $8k. The club next to it has annual membership fees of about $700. The one next to that has annual fees in the $1k to $3k range.
I am willing to believe that one golf club may be worth subsidising, but not three, not the ones which have locks on the gate to prevent community access, and not when the joining and membership fees are so high.