There is good options if you're willing to pay for them, but they have nothing to do with DNS. You will never get DNS TTLs low enough (and respected) to prevent a multi-minute service interruption in cases like these.

Proper HA is owning your own IP space and anycast advertising it from multiple IXes/colos/clouds to multiple upstreams / backbone networks. BGP hold times are like a dead-mans-switch and will ensure traffic stops being routed in that direction within a few seconds in case of a total outage, plus your own health-automation should disable those advertisements when certain things happen. Of course, you need to deal with the engineering complexity of your traffic coming in to multiple POPs at once, and it won't be cheap at all (to start, you're looking at ~10kUSD capex for a /24 of IP space, plus whatever the upstreams charge you monthly), but it will be very resilient to pretty much any single point of failure, including AWS disappearing entirely.