The ones that actually match POSD (deep modules, small interfaces, lower complexity) and work great with plain functions are:
Module Pattern
Factory Pattern (factory functions)
Mediator / Middleware Pattern (as function pipelines)
Hooks Pattern (custom hooks, generalized)
Container / Presentational Pattern (implemented with function components + hooks)
Everything else is either neutral, UI-only, or fights POSD (Singleton, Mixin, etc.).
Patterns from that page you should treat skeptically for POSD
From Patterns.dev, for your POSD-style codebase I’d avoid or downplay:
Singleton Pattern → encourages global state and tight coupling. Patterns
Mixin Pattern → tends to increase interface surface and make dependencies opaque. Patterns
Observer Pattern → powerful, but event-based wiring can obscure data flow and increase “system complexity” (classic POSD warning). Patterns
What does POSD stand for?