The 68000 actually had both microcode and nanocode, so it was even further from hardwired control logic than the 8086. In terms of performance the 68000 was slightly faster than the 286 and way faster than the 8088 (I never used an 8086 machine).
The 286 looks like it ought to be usefully quicker in general? Motorola did a good job on the programming model, but you can tell that the 68000 is from the 1970s. Nearly all the 68000 instructions take like 8+ cycles, and addressing modes can cost extra. On the 286, on the other hand, pretty much everything is like 2-4 cycles, or maybe 5-7 if there's a memory operand. (The manual seems to imply that every addressing mode has the same cost, which feels a bit surprising to me, but maybe it's true.) 286 ordinary call/ret round trip time is also shorter, as are conditional branches and stack push/pop.
The 286 looks like it ought to be usefully quicker in general? Motorola did a good job on the programming model, but you can tell that the 68000 is from the 1970s. Nearly all the 68000 instructions take like 8+ cycles, and addressing modes can cost extra. On the 286, on the other hand, pretty much everything is like 2-4 cycles, or maybe 5-7 if there's a memory operand. (The manual seems to imply that every addressing mode has the same cost, which feels a bit surprising to me, but maybe it's true.) 286 ordinary call/ret round trip time is also shorter, as are conditional branches and stack push/pop.