The is article is about a solution in search of a problem, a classic premature optimization issue. UUIDv4 is perfectly fine for many use cases, including small databases. Performance argument must be considered when there’s a problem with performance on the horizon. Other considerations may be and very often superior to that.
IME, when performance issues become obvious, the devs are in growth mode and have no desire / time to revisit PK choice.
Integer PKs were seen as fine for years - decades, even - before the rise of UUIDs.
It's not really feasible to rekey your UUIDv4 keyed database to int64s after the fact, imo. Sure your new tables could be integer-keyed, but the bulk of your storage will be UUID (and UUIDv4, if that's what you started with) for a very long time