I would argue that the barrier to entry is on par with python for a person with no experience, but you need much more time with Haskell to become proficient in it. In python, on the other hand, you can learn the basics and these will get you pretty far

Python has a reputation for being good for beginners so it's taught to beginners so it has a reputation for being good for beginners.

IMHO, these strong type systems are just not worth it for most tasks.

As an example, I currently mostly write GUI applications for mobile and desktop as a solo dev. 90% of my time is spent on figuring out API calls and arranging layouts. Most of the data I deal with are strings with their own validation and formatting rules that are complicated and at the same time usually need to be permissive. Even at the backend all the data is in the end converted to strings and integers when it is put into a database. Over-the-wire serialization also discards with most typing (although I prefer protocol buffers to alleviate this problem a bit).

Strong typing can be used in between those steps but the added complexity from data conversions introduces additional sources of error, so in the end the advantages are mostly nullified.

I blame syntax. It's too unorthodox nowadays. Historical reasons don't matter all that much, everything mainstream is a C-family memember