Think of highly competitive environments where looking foolish can be weaponised against you. They definitely exist here (my experience in UK and Australia)
My entire career - New Zealand, and Australia - asking questions is weaponised (as I stated above)
Graduate, Junior, Senior, Team Lead, - my title hasn't mattered to the response
some of the descriptions above of thoughtful supportive work places where people are free to explore different ideas and question assumptions sound like paradise.
IBM Aus discouraged it, Accenture, Concentrix, EY, CommBank, ANZ, and others all encouraged it, for myself.
I wouldn't say discouraging it will be the norm across most places in Australia.