Er… what? Even in today’s world with Docker, you have differences between dev and prod. For a start, one is accessed via the internet and requires TLS configs to work correctly. The other is accessed via localhost.
Just fyi, you can put whatever you want in /etc/hosts, it gets hit before the resolver. So you can run your website on localhost with your regular host name over https.
I use a https for localhost, there are a ton of options for that.
But yes, the cert is created differently in prod and there are a few other differences.
But it's much closer then in the cloud.