Green is in the center of the visible spectrum of light (notice the G in the middle of ROYGBIV), so evolution should theoretically optimize for green light absorption. An interesting article on why plants typically reflect that wavelength and absorb the others: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_Earth_hypothesis

Several reasons, -Silicon efficiency (QE) peaks in the green -Green spectral response curve is close to the luminance curve humans see, like you said. -Twice the pixels to increase the effective resolution in the green/luminance channel, color channels in YUV contribute almost no details.

Why is YUV or other luminance-chrominance color spaces important for a RGB input? Because many processing steps and encoders, work in YUV colorspaces. This wasn't really covered in the article.

You think that's bad? Imagine finding out that all video still encodes colour at half resolution simply because that is how analog tv worked.

Not sure why it would invoke such strong sentiments but if you don’t like the bayer filter, know that some true monochrome cameras don’t use it and make every sensor pixel available to the final image.

For instance, the Leica M series have specific monochrome versions with huge resolutions and better monochrome rendering.

You can also modify some cameras and remove the filter, but the results usually need processing. A side effect is that the now exposed sensor is more sensitive to both ends of the spectrum.

If the Bayer pattern makes you angry, I imagine it would really piss you off to realize that the whole concept encoding an experienced color by a finite number of component colors is fundamentally species-specific and tied to the details of our specific color sensors.

To truly record an appearance without reference to the sensory system of our species, you would need to encode the full electromagnetic spectrum from each point. Even then, you would still need to decide on a cutoff for the spectrum.

...and hope that nobody ever told you about coherence phenomena.