The main commercial use is enhanced oil recovery—shooting it into old wells to extract more oil (super ironic if captured from the air).

One application I think is neat is that it’s a pretty robust refrigerant in a heat pump application.

As I understand it, the main driver behind current carbon-capture tech is selling carbon credits.

Supercritical CO2 turbines: https://energy.wisc.edu/industry/technology-highlights/super...

On a much smaller scale I've been hoping for a small solar powered CO2 compressor to exist so I could use it for mosquito traps. The state of the art for those right now is burning propane for the CO2 combined with a scent emitter for the human smell to attract female mosquitos.

You can add hydrogen and make methane for those industries that can't easily electrify

Synthetic food is a potentially big one.

Synthetic materials is another. For example carbon electrodes for batteries.

It is used as a shielding gas in some welding processes (notably, MIG welding.)

Dry ice blasting

You can think of industrial CO2 use as basically the same as nitrogen but a little worse and several fucktons cheaper.

CO2 is fairly inert. This makes it useful. Welding steel is a typical example of something you can use CO2 to shield. There are many other examples in the chemicals industries of things like that where you want to do something at a "higher than natural on earth" temperature to make a reaction happen or happen faster but you don't want that reaction to happen with oxygen all around.

And on the other end of the temperature spectrum....dry ice.

Plant food.

Off the top of my head, CO2 can be used as a solvent for dry cleaning, it can extract THC from cannabis, and can also be used as a refrigerant.

You can combine it with H2 to produce synthetic fuels. Not ideal but could reduce fossil fuel use and hence new CO2 released.

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