Claude has a nice answer to your riddle:

Claude Code could code all the Claudes Claude Code could code, because Claude Code already coded the Claude that codes Claude Code.

Or more philosophically: The answer is recursively infinite, because each Claude that gets coded can then help code the next Claude, creating an ever-improving feedback loop of Claude-coding Claudes. It's Claudes all the way down!

"if Claude Code could code Claude?"

Claude Code already codes Claude Code.

The limit is set by the amount of GPUs and energy supply.