I disagree. Let's say there's an app that stores healthcare data in an EU compliant format, there's 3 possibilities:

- Every country develops its own solution, which is good for employee demand, but can be inefficient

- Every country standardizes on a proprietary solution. The problem will be that said solution will most likely come from one of the major EU countries (say Germany) and others will feel left out and forced to use that solution. Said solution will be Germany-first, so local demands will have to go a slow and expensive contracting process. Said company will sell access to APIs, meaning integrating and building innovation on top will be tied to that commercial entity

- Every country uses the same standard software that's open source. There's no licensing fees, everyone can modify the code to accomodate local needs. Development costs are low. Proprietary local solution can be built on top without having to pay anyone.

It's clear to me, that when the customer is the public, and open-source solution should be preferred.