I'm not such a fan of trying to cram everything-mathematically-relevant into a single huge book (and it is huge - 1048 pages).
Anyway, this reminds me of a rather different initiative in the same vein: The building of Mathematical principles based on the expediences of Computer Science: CONCRETE MATHEMATICS
by Donald Knuth, Ronald Graham and Oren Patashnik.
https://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~knuth/gkp.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_Mathematics
available on the Internet Archive: https://archive.org/download/concrete-mathematics/Concrete%2...
Graham/Knuth/Patashnik is a lot less "basic discrete maths you're most likely to need" and a lot more "number sequences we've known and loved". Almost more useful for physicists due to the amount of summation fu you'll learn there.