No it's not. The efficiency of an EV Motor > efficiency of ICEV motor. Even with 100% black coal. The carbon is reduced by about 30% IIRC (that number can and does improve as the grid greens).
Yes it is. Here is the study
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03062...
Yes it is. Here is the study
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03062...