Since the edit window is closed, I want to clarify the AIR structure for those asking about the "row" definition.

In Hekate's Keccak AIR, the relationship is ~25 trace rows per 1 Keccak-f[1600] permutation.

2^24 Rows = The raw size of the execution trace matrix (height). ~671k Permutations = The actual cryptographic workload (equivalent to hashing ~90MB of data).

The benchmark compares the cost to prove the same cryptographic work, regardless of internal AIR row mapping.

THE MANIFESTO: https://github.com/oumuamua-corp/hekate