"Root" in this case can be normal users without privileges who are granted root-like capabilities granularly, not necessarily a true root account.

True but accessing your own files, pinging, network management etc aren't included in the things an Android terminal user can do. Hence the need for root.

Maybe, but the user ought to be able to do with their device the equivalent of what a root account can do, even if not especially conveniently. Like seeing what data apps are saving to their devices or spoofing data to prevent apps from gaining unauthorized information. Apps should not be protected from the user, and user should have recourse from apps doings things not in their interest.