Fundamental research is entwined with practical applications, you can’t have the later without the former. Europe is known for FR, while everyone else seems to be better at commercialising. It’s alright, progress for us is progress for everyone.
That's not an answer to the specific question asked. Not all types of fundamental research have the same potential for material benefits, or the same cost.
That's not an answer to the specific question asked. Not all types of fundamental research have the same potential for material benefits, or the same cost.