Aeon[1] just published a piece on the topic. It discusses the victim versus villain aspect.

Having read that, it seems that the only remedy would be a Chinese government intervention (as it seems to be Chinese criminal gangs that run these facilities). That intervention might be triggered by the international image lose for the government in being associated with these scams.

[1]: https://aeon.co/essays/inside-the-criminal-world-of-southeas...