Undefined behavior is a edge case in C. Other programing languages (like JavaScript) goes to great lengths in defining their standards such that it is almost impossible to write code with undefined behavior. By far majority of code written out there has no undefined behavior. I think it is safe to assume that everyone here (except you) are talking about C code without undefined behavior when we mean that the same code produces the same results regardless of the compiler (as long as the compiler is standards conforming).
Language-based undefined behavior is just one kind of nondeterminism that programmers deal with every day. There are other examples, such as concurrency. So that claim that using LLMs isn't programming because "nondeterminism" makes no sense.