> Instead of only allowing programs that are proven to be typed correctly you might want to allow all programs that you can not proved to be wrong. Lean into gradual typing. Everything goes at first and the typing becomes as strict as the programmer decides based on how much type information they add.

Yes, this is the way. And if you ensure that the type system is never abused to control dispatch - i.e. can be fully erased at runtime - then a proposed language supplied with some basic types and an annotation syntax can be retrofitted with progressively tighter type-checking algorithms without having to rewire that underlying language every time.

Developers could even choose whether they wanted super-safe checking (that precludes many legal forms), or more lenient checking (that allows many illegal forms), all in the same language!