I must admit to being somewhat confused by the article's claim that Rust and C++ emit bytecode. To my knowledge, neither do (unless they're both targeting WASM?) - is there something I'm missing or is the author just using the wrong words?
EDIT: bramhaag pointed out the error of my ways. Thanks bramhaag!
They're referring to LibJS's bytecode (the internal instruction stream of Ladybird’s JS engine), not to Rust/CPP output formats.
By 'Rust compiler' and 'C++ compiler', they refer to the LibJS bytecode generator implemented in those languages. This is about the generated JS bytecode.