alt Hacker NewsTotal USD reserve involved in that transaction is not zero. They have to already hold dollars to do the transaction at all, which means a benefit has already been provided to the US. The transaction doesn't change the US's position, but enabling the transaction to occur does.
Petrodollar hypothesis is debunked. The total volume of petrodollar trade approximates minutes in stock markets. This simply isn’t a real factor anymore; a lot of people think it is because there are writings from the 70s that are compelling.