Some of the standard library stuff could be usable from Clojure and other languages. The jvm level optimizations (garbage collection) should benefit all jvm languages. The language changes are mostly not that relevant unless you program directly in Java.

I use Kotlin myself (after doing Java since 1995). Most of the overview here reads like they are adding a lot of stuff that Kotlin has had for many years. Structured concurrency, lazy stuff, etc. You can argue about which language does it better/nicer/etc. but that debate is a bit boring to me. But good for Java developers that they are getting some obviously useful things that so far they never had. Progress is nice. Better late than never.

Sometimes, yes. E.g. if the value types stuff ever gets implemented, that will be very useful for other JVM languages. OTOH some changes are purely syntax sugar in Java itself (e.g. allowing multiline string literals) and those of course don't affect any other JVM language.

Yes, kind of... for instance you can use Virtual Threads now from Clojure:

https://clojure.org/news/2026/03/11/async_virtual_threads

I'm pretty sure all of Clojure runs on Java 8, so if you use some new feature I'm guessing you need to provide a fallback - but you're also going to be running on Javascript and other platforms, so that's par for the course

In general, some java language changes do involve JVM changes.

So yes, it impacts other jvm languages like Closure.

Here most obvious would be GC improvements.