Frustratingly, hash pinning isn’t good enough here: that makes the action immutable, but the action itself can still make mutable decisions (like pulling the “latest” version of a binary from somewhere on the internet). That’s what trivy’s official action appears to do.
(IOW You definitely should still hash-pin actions, but doing so isn’t sufficient in all circumstances.)
That's true. This specific attack was mitigated by hash pinning, but some actions like https://github.com/1Password/load-secrets-action default to using the latest version of an underlying dependency.