- GPU is integrated into the SoC - Surprisingly, it is possible to plug a drive into a TB/USB port
…so what do you actually need PCIe for?
High-end Macs have moved to PCIe 5.0 speeds in their internal drives. Thunderbolt 5 is not fast enough to get the same performance from external ones.
Thunderbolt is also too slow for higher-end networks. A single port is already insufficient for 100-gigabit speeds.
Video capture
I/O expansion
Networking
but what about second GPU?
High-end Macs have moved to PCIe 5.0 speeds in their internal drives. Thunderbolt 5 is not fast enough to get the same performance from external ones.
Thunderbolt is also too slow for higher-end networks. A single port is already insufficient for 100-gigabit speeds.