How come the pictures have such bad quality ? Is it a bandwidth issue ? Or there are really constraints that are not so obvious ?
Because fundamentally it is a large object illuminated by sunlight.
It's the night-side Earth, taken at a high ISO value to keep shutter speed fast to prevent blur.
No, it's BBC's compression of that image.
Look at the original: https://www.nasa.gov/image-detail/fd02_for-pao/
It's grainy, but the detail is terrific.