The difficulties of American internet speeds have little to do with the total size of the country, but how far individual families are from each other. Spain is roughly the size of Texas, and Spain has a higher population, but you need a lot less fiber to each home, because metro areas are so much denser, and therefore it's so much easier to lay the fiber.
As usual, blame the suburbs, which make all kinds of infrastructure quite a bit more expensive per capita.
Huge swaths of our densest metro areas, in our largest cities, do not have any fiber option, just one cable provider.
But the US has long lagged behind in even dense areas. It's more than just the distribution.