What software do you use to run your CI?
not op either, github actions, self hosted runner on bare metal with lxc containers for each runner.
Cost savings are insane and the speed of latest amd epycs are miles ahead of the default ci instances on github and other places.
Not OP, but to me the answer is:
I then define the docker stack in the git repository, and CI builds the images and pushes to build the new image to the docker repository. The portainer API allows to deploy a stack, with the image tag as a parameter.