I can guess at least one valid:
* preventing North Korea, China, Russian, Iran and etc. actors from accessing service. They absolutely use workarounds to access AI, e.g. I bet there are companies who are proxy between Anthropic and those countries.
I imagine there will be quite some false positives while identifying those.
This will do absolutely nothing to prevent those actors from accessing Claude... they already recruit young unemployed Americans to do proxy job interviews[0][1], etc. They'll just pay young unemployed Americans to do verification for them.
[0] https://www.tradingview.com/news/cointelegraph:6192f38e3094b...
[1] https://youtube.com/watch?v=QebpXFM1ha0