The US is bound by energy and China is bound by compute power. The one who solves its limitation first will end this “Scarcity Era”.
China's domestic chips are increasingly close to state-of-the-art. The US electrical grid is... not.
US energy is constrained by the utility monopolies/oligopolies which have to extract more rents, specifically by increasing costs. Their profit is a percentage of cost, these perverse incentives + oligopolies will make it increasingly expensive to make anything (including AI) in US.
The dynamics vastly favor China, part of the reason the US sprinting towards "ASI" isn't totally boneheaded is that the US and its industry needs a hail mary play to "win" the game, if they play it safe they lose for sure.
China is installing something like 500 GW of wind and solar per year now. Even if they're only able to build and otherwise access chips that have half the SoTA performance per watt, they will win.