Never seen a UK doctor or nurse attempt to clean, much les sterilize, one.
I think this is a good point, insofar that how bacterial resistant the stethoscope is relevant. Stethoscopes made of stainless steel are going to beat anything 3d printed by a significant margin.
The usual procedure is to wipe with 70% ethyl alcohol.
There are disposable, single-patient stethoscopes, but I've seen my Dr do a casual wipe with an alcohol swab often enough...