Sure. C has never been the only language supported on Windows.

For instance, Delphi had a period of popularity for Windows application development, and AFAIK it has always used its own runtime library which is completely independent of the C runtime.

Go does not trigger low-level system call interrupts on Windows. (It does that on Linux, but Windows syscall numbers are not stable even across minor Windows updates, so if Go did that, its Windows binaries would be incredibly fragile.)

On Windows NT, Go uses the userspace wrappers provided in Windows system libraries such as NTDLL.DLL and KERNEL32.DLL. But those too are entirely separate from the C runtime.