> Humans who have been writing systems like that for many years know how to maintain and modify them successfully.
Do they??
Yeah... in my experience people who code like that 'successfully' make modifications that fix an immediate problem while kicking another bug or two further down the road in a never-ending sunk-cost-fallacy of job security...
I believe this type of person exists.
My team lead has worked on the same software for 30 years. He has the ability to hear me discuss a bug I noticed, and then pinpoint not only the likely culprit, but the exact function that's causing it.
Yes.
There is a lot of absurdly complex software that runs with high reliability. We hear a lot about the ones that don’t.