There are news sites tailored for kids, like BBC Newsround (https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround)

Right, no news sites for kids.

Correct. Until parent or guardian puts in password next to the text that says "Approve this site, forever."

You gave me an idea. Maybe there could be categories similar in concept to those that exist in corporate firewalls today that say things like:

- News Category (Known to be SFW)

- News Category (That may be NSFW)

- Child friendly sites

- Social media sites

... and so on.

This could be crowd sourced, ideally in a way that can not be gamed. The masses could flag/report false claims. That, or just keep it simple. ad-hoc input of permitted sites by parent.