example.com is also great for that reason when something fails about a captive portal on a public WiFi.
I open my web browser and go to http://example.com and get redirected to the captive portal page again and retry completing what they need from me to get internet access.
I use neverssl.com for this purpose because it is designed to resist caching.
Fun fact, this is almost exactly how active portal detection is done in the OS/browser!
https://gist.github.com/skull-squadron/edb8c0122f902013304c0...